Devils Hole pupfish finds fame again as feds try new ESA tactic

By Michael Doyle | 04/17/2025 01:14 PM EDT

Federal biologists have turned to captive-raised pupfish in a last-gasp bid to boost a population that’s sagged to just 38 fish.

The Devils Hole pupfish swims.

The Devils Hole pupfish lives only in the 93-degree waters of Devils Hole in the Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge in Nye County, Nevada. Olin Feuerbacher/USFWS Pacific Southwest Region/Flickr

The extraordinarily rare Devils Hole pupfish is getting some captive-raised reinforcements as federal biologists try to fend off the species’ extinction.

Prompted by a dramatic decline in the fish’s already sparse population — from 191 last year to a mere 38 this spring — the National Park Service and the Fish and Wildlife Service turned to a strategic plan completed several years ago.

The plan guided the two Interior Department agencies and their Nevada state counterpart to introduce for the first time 19 captive-raised pupfish into the deep limestone cavern, part of Death Valley National Park, where the species lives.

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“The present size at near-record lows deserves our serious attention, and the actions in the strategic plan, including supplemental feeding and population augmentation, provide the best opportunity for recovery,” FWS senior fish biologist Michael Schwemm said in a statement.

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