Greens sue to get an ESA decision on a crab with special blood

By Michael Doyle | 01/05/2026 04:22 PM EST

Environmentalists petitioned in 2024 for the Fish and Wildlife Service to protect the American horseshoe crab.

FILE - Horseshoe crabs sit at Reeds Beach in Cape May Court House, N.J., June 13, 2023. Interstate fishing regulators are limiting the harvest of the primordial species of invertebrate to try to help rebuild its population and aid a threatened species of bird. Fishermen harvest horseshoe crabs on the East Coast for use as bait and in biomedical products. The animals are declining in some of their range, and they’re critically important as a food source for the red knot, a migratory shorebird listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. (AP Photo/Matt Rourke, File)

Horseshoe crabs sit at Reeds Beach in Cape May Court House, New Jersey, June 13, 2023. Matt Rourke/AP

Environmentalists on Monday sued NOAA Fisheries for slow-walking a decision on whether to protect American horseshoe crabs under the Endangered Species Act.

Joined in the lawsuit by 25 allied conservation groups, the Center for Biological Diversity contends that the federal agency badly missed a May 2024 deadline for making an initial determination on a petition to list the species that plays important roles in both the ecosystem and the biomedical industry.

“We could lose these living fossils forever if they don’t get Endangered Species Act protections soon,” said Will Harlan, a senior scientist at the Center, in a statement, adding that “it’s reckless to delay their obvious need for protection, so we’re going to court to force the government to do its job.”

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American horseshoe crab populations have “crashed” by more than 70 percent in the past three decades, according to the petition.

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