The fight over the Colorado River has become a political nightmare

By Annie Snider | 12/19/2025 11:44 AM EST

The Trump administration is stuck between two key political swing states and two of the nation’s reddest as they duke it out over access to the West’s most important river.

A bathtub ring of light minerals shows the high water line of Lake Mead near water intakes on the Arizona side of Hoover Dam.

A bathtub ring of light minerals shows the high water line of Lake Mead near water intakes on the Arizona side of Hoover Dam at the Lake Mead National Recreation Area on June 26, 2022, near Boulder City, Nevada. John Locher/AP

LAS VEGAS — A seven-state brawl centered on one of the country’s most competitive swing states is poised to trigger a water supply crisis for 40 million people across the West — and put the Trump administration in an impossible political position.

The battle pits two states that flipped for Trump in 2024 — Arizona and Nevada — against two of the country’s deepest-red ones — Utah and Wyoming — in a fight over water that feeds economies from Denver to Phoenix, and half of all Californians.

No state has more to lose in the fight over access to the drought-stricken Colorado River than Arizona. Phoenix and other central Arizona communities — along with the semiconductor manufacturing and data centers that they host — are the first in line for cuts under the century-old legal system that governs the waterway.

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But its upstream neighbors have fiercely opposed taking any cuts to their supplies in order to bolster Arizona’s offtake.

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